Computational Analysis and Material Optimization of Protective Cage Structures Against FPV Kamikaze Drone Delivered Explosive Payloads

Abstract

The emergence of First Person View (FPV) kamikaze drones presents new challenges for armoured vehicle protection systems. These drones typically strike from near-vertical angles, targeting turret and roof regions with limited armour coverage. The present work investigates the performance of cope cage structures made from different metallic and composite materials against such explosive impacts. Explicit detonation simulations are carried out in LS-DYNA using the Johnson-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state. Materials including mild steel, HSLA steel, aluminium alloys, and aramid laminates are evaluated. Results indicate that HSLA provides a good balance between strength and deformation, while hybrid designs with composite reinforcement achieve superior blast attenuation. The optimized multi-layer configuration reduced transmitted pressure by 78% and displacement by 96.5% compared to an unprotected structure. These results provide engineering insights for designing lightweight and cost-effective protective systems against FPV drone attacks.