ANALISIS KANDUNGAN SAPONIN PADA EKSTRAK SERATMATANG BUAH LONTAR (Borassus flabellifer Linn)

Abstract

Borassus flabellifer Linn can grow well in tropical and subtropical areas. The parts of the palm tree that can be used are leaves, stems, fruit, and sap. This research was conducted to analyze the content of triterpenes or saponins in the mature fiber juice of palm fruit (Borassus flabellifer Linn). The method or instrument used is (TLC) and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Qualitative data analysis was characterized by the formation of foam after the addition of 2N HCl and the formation of a brown ring due to the administration of the Lieberman-Bhurchard solution. The reaction that occurs indicates the sample contains triterpenoid compounds. Analysis of compounds using Thin Layer Chromatography obtained five color spots or stains. Each stain has an Rf value of 0.72 (spot 1), 0.73 (spot 2), 0.75 (spot 3), 0.76 (spot 4) and 0.78 (spot 5). Referring to the Rf value and the yellow color on the TLC plate, it shows that the sample contains triterpenoids. The nature of this compound is easily soluble in water and has antibacterial power. The results of qualitative analysis using UV-Visible spectrophotometry explained that the saponin extract was read at an absorbance of 0.325 with a maximum wavelength of 280 nm.