The level of proinflammatory cytokines: interleukins 12, 23, 17 and tumor necrosis factor α in patients with metabolic syndrome accompanying severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of metabolic syndrome is estimated at 15–24% in the general population and at 30–50% in patients with psoriasis. A probable cause of the described correlation is a constant release in chronic dermatosis of proinflammatory cytokines and their influence on individual systems and organs. Aim: Assessment of the concentration of the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-23, IL-17 and TNF-α) in blood serum and their correlation with the intensity of skin lesions, the presence of psoriatic arthritis and the risk of development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Material and methods: The concentrations of subunit p70 IL-12, IL-17 and IL-23, and TNF-α in subjects with psoriasis and metabolic syndrome were determined. Results: The level of the studied cytokines, IL-17, IL-23 and TNF-α was higher in patients diagnosed with psoriasis. Higher levels of IL-17, IL-23 and TNF-α were observed in patients with metabolic syndrome accompanying psoriasis. A higher level of IL-17 and IL-23 was found in sera of patients with psoriatic arthritis in comparison to normal psoriasis. Conclusions: In the study, a higher level of IL-17 and IL-23 was also shown in patients with psoriatic arthritis in comparison to patients with normal psoriasis. The effectiveness of anti-IL12/23 drugs in psoriatic arthritis is a confirmation of the obtained results of the studies. Additionally, the increased level of IL-17, both in patients with metabolic syndrome and with psoriasis, could indirectly indicate an increased cardiovascular risk in patients with affected joints in comparison to psoriasis affecting only the skin.