Coordinated inertia response from permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind farms

Abstract

A simplified model of a wind turbine connected to the grid through a power electronic interface was developed to carry out inertia response studies. This model was validated using the detailed model simulation and experimental results. The results show that wind turbines provide inertia response for 3 − 4 s and then operate at reduced power until they return to their steady state operating point. As this could hinder the frequency recovery of the power system, the aggregated inertia response from a wind farm was investigated by delaying the frequency signal to the inertia controller of each turbine based on their status of operation. How local frequency measurements can be used for a wind farm connected through an AC network is also discussed. By connecting a number of wind turbine models in parallel and operating them under different wind speeds, frequency commands and inertia controller gains, it was demonstrated that an inertia response of more than 10 s can be provided by coordinating the inertia response of individual turbines.