Integrated Pest Management Strategies Using Endophytic Entomopathogenic Fungi

Abstract

Insect pests pose a significant threat to crops, causing extensive damage and facilitating the spread of various diseases transmitted by insects. The widespread use of chemical pesticides has been a common approach for managing these pests. However, due to continuous and prolonged usage over the years, insect pests have developed increasing resistance to virtually all types of chemical pesticides. This resistance has prompted a growing demand for alternative methods of pest control. In the quest for effective and environmentally safe insect pest control, insect pathogenic fungi emerge as a promising alternative to conventional pesticides. However, the feasibility of this strategy faces limitations due to a slow death rate and the need for high conidial concentrations. While the ability of these fungi to regulate insects has been explored previously, recent research has shifted focus towards their potential as plant endophytes. This role involves protecting plants from phytopathogens and enhancing various elements of agricultural output. This article delves into the significance of entomopathogenic fungi as endophytes in the realm of biological control. Our research for this review centers on identifying local strains of entomopathogenic fungi capable of colonizing endophytes and explores their potential utility in managing disease-causing pests.