Fluorochinolony. Bezpieczeństwo terapii

Abstract

Fluoroquinolones (i.e. ciprofl oxacin, moxifl oxacin, levofl oxacin, gemifl oxacin) are effective, commonly used broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs. They are used in infections of the respiratory system, urinary tract, skin, and subcutaneous tissue and, even topically in ophthalmology. Unfortunately, they cause many adverse effects. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) states that their adverse effects outweigh the benefi ts of using them in patients with acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis, and uncomplicated urinary tract infection. The well-known adverse effects of fl uoroquinolones include Achilles tendinopathy, tendon rupture, gastrointestinal complications, Clostridium diffi cile infection, central nervous system dysfunction, hepatotoxicity, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, QT interval prolongation, cardiac arrhythmia (including torsade de pointes) and sudden cardiac death. Nowadays, attention is drawn to neuropathies, the most severe of which is Guillain-Barré syndrome.