Mizāj (Temperament) in Unani Medicine: Scoping Review Elaborating the Historical Context and Contemporary Relevance

Abstract

Unani Tibb is all about achieving perfect physical, mental, and spiritual health. The main goals of Unani Medicine are to keep people healthy and to cure diseases. According to Unani medicine, there are seven important factors essential for human life on earth, known as Al-Umūr- al-Ṭabī‘iyya. Mizāj is one of these factors and is the second most important after Arkān. It greatly affects whether someone is healthy or sick. Good health means having a normal Mizāj, so any change in Mizāj can affect a person's health. Unani physicians have provided detailed and valuable descriptions of Mizāj explaining this concept thoroughly based on their knowledge and efforts. This review explored the concept and types of Mizāj. Additionally, this review explored diseases associated with Mizāj and the assessment chart of Mizāj. This review aimed to better understand the concept of Mizāj and how it can be used in healthcare to cure and treat diseases.