Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Presenting with Pseudotumor Cerebri and a Review of the Literature

Abstract

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but life-Threatening inflammatory immune response associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. The majority of patients have been presented with hypotension, shock, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and mucocutaneous symptoms. The incidence of neurologic symptoms in MIS-C is of rising concern as they are not well described and reported in fewer patients. An 8-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with headache, fever, conjunctivitis, and hyperinflammatory findings diagnosed as MIS-C. Fundus examination performed with complaints of headache, vomiting, and conjunctivitis showed bilateral papilledema. Pseudotumor cerebri is a rare manifestation of MIS-C that can lead to vision loss and may not only be resolved with the standard treatment for MIS-C. We report a case of MIS-C presented with neurologic symptoms due to pseudotumor cerebri and successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and acetazolamide.