The preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index predicts postoperative complications in elderly patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy

Abstract

Background/Aim: The relationship between the preoperative Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and morbidity of patients with gastric cancer (GC) undergoing gastrectomy has not yet been reported. Our study aimed to investigate whether preoperative GNRI is associated with shortterm outcomes in elderly patients with GC. Patients and Methods: This study enrolled 348 elderly patients with GC who were more than 75 years old and underwent curative gastrectomy for GC at our Institution between January 2006 and December 2015. GNRI was invoked to stratify patients as high (GNRI≥92; n=190) or low (GNRI<92; n=158) GNRI nutritional status. The clinicopathologic features and short-term outcomes were compared. Results: In multivariate analysis, low GNRI emerged as an independent predictor of postoperative complications (Clavien Dindo classification grade II≤). Low GNRI demonstrated significantly more frequent extra-surgical complications than high GNRI. Significantly more patients with low GNRI suffered from postoperative pneumoniae than patients with high GNRI (p=0.013). On the other hand, the incidence of surgical field complications such as leakage, pancreatic fistula and intraabdominal abscess did not differ significantly between the groups. Conclusion: GNRI is useful in predicting postoperative complications of elderly patients with GC undergoing gastrectomy. Preoperative GNRI has merit as a gauge of postoperative complications in the extrasurgical field, especially pneumonia. There was no relationship between preoperative GNRI and surgical field complications in this setting.