Understanding Anxiety in Cervical Dystonia: An Imaging Study

Abstract

Background: Anxiety may precede motor symptoms in cervical dystonia (CD) and is associated with an earlier onset of dystonia. Our understanding of anxiety in CD is inadequate. Objective: To investigate brain networks associated with anxiety in CD. Methods: Twenty-six subjects with idiopathic CD underwent MRI Brain without contrast. Correlational tractography was derived using Diffusion MRI connectometry. Quantitative Anisotropy (QA) was used in deterministic diffusion fiber tracking. Correlational tractography was then used to correlate QA with State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) state (STAI-S) and trait (STAI-T) subscales. Results: Connectometry analysis showed direct correlation between state anxiety and QA in tracts from amygdala to thalamus/ pulvinar bilaterally, and trait anxiety and QA in tracts from amygdala to motor cortex, sensorimotor cortex and parietal association area bilaterally (FDR ≤0.05). Conclusion: Our efforts to map anxiety to brain networks in CD highlight the role of the amygdala in the pathophysiology of anxiety in CD.