Tissue microarray and digital image analysis: A methodological study with special reference to the microenvironment in Hodgkin lymphoma

Abstract

Aim: Cancer research has moved from solely investigating the tumour cells to also including analysis of the tumour microenvironment; however, the methods utilized have not been evaluated for this change. The aim of this study was to compare tissue microarrays (TMA) to whole tissue sections (WS) with regard to cells in the tumour microenvironment. Manual evaluation and digital image analyses (DIA) were utilized and also compared. Methods and results: TMA slides from 117 Hodgkin lymphoma patients were immunostained for forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) [identifying regulatory T cells (T reg)], and 39 corresponding WS were also analysed. Manual evaluation and DIA were utilized for all patients on both the TMA and the WS. A correlation coefficient of 0.83 was obtained for the proportion of T reg in TMA versus WS using manual evaluation and a correlation coefficient of 0.77 with DIA. T reg counts using manual evaluation correlated in turn with DIA, with a coefficient of 0.79 for the 117 TMA sections and 0.65 for the 39 WS. Conclusion: Because a high correlation was observed between TMA and WS, TMA can be utilized when evaluating cells in the tumour microenvironment. DIA appears to provide a reliable measurement method, provided that manual control of the tumour slides is conducted. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.