Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of selected marine algae and Egyptian aromatic herbs regarding to their phytochemical characteristics and mass spectrometry evaluation

Abstract

In this study, three algae (Corallina officillica, Ulva lactuca, and Pterocaldia capallicia) and three aromatic herbs (Ocimum basilicum, Mentha longifoila, and Salvia officinalis) were investigated. Phytochemicals, P. capallicia had the highest total carbohydrate content (17.50%), while M. longifoila had the highest total proteins ratio (17.95%). Mentha longifoila possessed the maximum total lipids percent (32.14%), while C. officillica had the highest ash content (58.83%). As well as, M. longifoila had the highest phenolics and carotenoids values, while U. lactuca had the highest total flavonoids. To antioxidant activity estimated, the S. officinalis (M6) extract showed the highest scavenging activity (89.88%). Regarding antibacterial activities, the C. officillica extract exhibited the most powerful activity against P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (44 mm), followed by S. officinalis extract against the same bacterium (40 mm). The GC-MS assessment revealed the existence of several bioactive constituents, involving fatty acids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and other compounds.