The prevalence of stroke and related risk factors among residents aged ≥ 40 years in Chongqing, Southwest China

Abstract

Background: China bears the largest global stroke burden, yet little is known about its rates in Chongqing, southwest China. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and related risk factors for stroke in Chongqing, and to provide evidence for improved formulation of targeted primary preventive measures for stroke. Methods: In 2015, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Nan’an district, Chongqing. Participants responded to a questionnaire surveying general information and common risk factors for stroke, and related physical examinations were conducted. Results: Of 25,000 people aged ≥ 40 years who were investigated, 24,859 participants completed the questionnaire and underwent the physical examination. The crude prevalence rate for stroke was 1.71%, and was higher in men than in women (1.9% versus 1.6%). Prevalence rates increased with age (p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that too little exercise, hypertension, family history of stroke, and history of transient ischemic attack were stroke risk factors among three groups (men, women, and total participants; all p-values < 0.05). Smoking was a risk factor for men (odds ratio 2.77; 95% Cl 1.46–5.28) and having only attained a primary school or lower education level was a risk factor for women (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that controlling stroke risk factors for stroke prevention is still crucial. Moreover, this study provides comprehensive resource data for further stroke research in southwest China.