Impact of Silicon Fertilization in Crop Production: Enhancing Yield, Stress and Disease Resistance in Agriculture

Abstract

Silicon (Si) is a vital macroelement widely present in the environment, playing a crucial role in helping plants recover from environmental stresses. Its primary function is to boost the plant's resistance against biotic and abiotic stress. Furthermore, silicon can enhance soil quality by mitigating the toxicity of heavy metals like iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and manganese (Mn), while also increasing phosphorus (P) availability. Additionally, it improves plants' tolerance to drought and salinity by promoting the formation of silicified tissues. It is also effective in managing a range of pests and diseases in plants, including those caused by fungi and bacteria. Silicon positively interacts with other applied nutrients, enhancing their effectiveness and improving agronomic performance, particularly in terms of yield. Thus, incorporating silicate-containing fertilizers into agricultural practices is essential for enhancing plant performance and productivity.