Sex Education, Sexual Health, and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Sex education is an important but often inadequately addressed topic for patients with autism spectrum disorder. A dominant theory in autism, Theory of Mind, helps to explain why the sex education needs of people with this disorder are unique. This paper argues the importance of high quality sex education from the perspective of the World Health Organization’s recent comprehensive definition of sexual health. Each point from the World Health Organization’s definition is addressed with discussion of its application to people with autism spectrum disorder, suggestions for remediation, and public health implications. Seven points are addressed: physical well-being in relation to sexuality; emotional and mental well-being in relation to sexuality; social well-being in relation to sexuality; disease, dysfunction, or infirmity; positive and respectful approaches to sexuality and sexual relationships; freedom from coercion and violence; and freedom from discrimination. Sex education is important to the quality of life and safety of people with autism. The needs of this population are apparent in all seven areas identified.