Relationship between Basic Sanitation Facilities and Stunting Incidence in Toddlers Aged 6-59 Months in Palu City, Central Sulawesi

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five (babies under five years) resulting from chronic malnutrition so that children are too short for their age. Stunted and severely stunted toddlers are toddlers with body length (PB/U) or height (TB/U) according to their age compared to the WHO-2010 standard. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between basic sanitation facilities and the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 6-59 months in Palu City in 2022. Methods: The study used a case-control design with a population of all children aged 6 to 59 months at 2 (two) Health Centers in Palu City. Cases of 100 stunting toddlers were taken from 2 Community Health Centers, the controls were 100 toddlers with normal status who were in the same Posyandu location as the cases. Collecting data by interview, measurement and observation. Data analysis was univariate, bivariate (kai squared test), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression test). Results: From the bivariate analysis found eight variables related to the incidence of stunting. The results of the multivariate analysis found two variables related to the incidence of stunting, namely access to healthy latrines OR=5.99 (95% CI: 2.98-9.23), access to clean water sources OR=5.99 (95% CI: 3.31-10.83), after controlling for the variable history of infectious diseases, history of giving complementary foods and history of growth monitoring. Access to healthy latrines and access to clean water sources that meet health requirements are risk factors for stunting. Conclusion: There are two environmental factors that are jointly related to the incidence of stunting in children aged six to 59 months, namely access to healthy latrines and access to clean water facilities.