A Longitudinal Analysis of Handwashing and Mask-Wearing during COVID-19

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has seen health preventive behaviors to prevent spread of the virus become highly politicized in the UnitedStates. A clear division exists between Democrats favoring health preventive measures and Republicans often defying such measures. Amid increasing fear of the virus, the 2020 UnitedStates presidential election became central to how the pandemic should be managed. This longitudinal study examines whether the frequency of handwashing and mask-wearing changed after the UnitedStates election. The study further explores whether political partisanship played a part in the change. Results show that handwashing and mask-wearing increased among Democrats after the election. However, Republican's use of masks and handwashing decreased. These results are explained in terms of loyalty to outgoing President Trump among Republicans and renewed feelings of efficacy among Democrats.