Management and Prevention of Neonatal Weight Loss After Birth

Abstract

Neonatal weight loss is a normal and expected physiological event that occurs during the early postnatal adaptation period. However, excessive or prolonged weight loss signifies inadequate intake or ineffective feeding and can lead to preventable complications such as dehydration hypernatremia. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the physiological and pathological aspects of neonatal weight change, incorporating updated global guidelines and emerging evidence. It outlines best practices for structured monitoring, clinical management, and prevention, highlighting the pivotal role of breastfeeding support, lactation consultancy, and institutional frameworks such as the baby-friendly hospital initiative. Dynamic variations in weight loss among special populations, including preterm and HIV-exposed infants, are discussed in detail, alongside system-level and policy interventions that sustain breastfeeding. The chapter concludes with innovative future approaches, including helplines, digital tools, and satellite lactation clinics, which together represent the evolving landscape of neonatal care.