Harnessing the genetic potential of the plant microbiome

Abstract

Plant-associated microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, can grow on and survive in healthy plant tissues, making up the plant microbiome. Members of the plant microbiome can provide benefits to their host, and emerging research suggests that plants can reshape the composition of their microbiomes in response to environmental cues. The plant microbiome collectively acts as a reservoir for genes that may improve plant growth and survival in response to challenges, therefore contributing to the total genetic potential of the plant. Understanding the impact of the plant microbiome has unlocked new strategies for improving crop production, especially as climate change threatens to increase the prevalence of pathogens and stressful growth conditions. Applying microbiome engineering strategies, such as inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and incorporating the microbiome into the breeding process show promise for improving future agricultural crop production.