Smart farming for sustainable agriculture: systematic literature and mapping study approaches

Abstract

This study analyzes the literature on sustainable smart farming using a systematic literature review (SLR) and mapping study, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. A total of 26 articles from Scopus-indexed journals were examined, revealing a significant relationship between smart farming and sustainable development. Key trends identified include agricultural digitalization (35%), climate-friendly agricultural technologies (27%), and climate variability (23%). The overlay visualization highlights emerging issues such as digitalization and climate-friendly technologies, marked in yellow. Density analysis indicates that "smart farming" and "sustainability" are the most dominant topics, while "electric mobility" and "climate adaptation" are less prominent. Research on Smart Farming Sustainability peaked in 2021 with nine publications. India, Italy, and United States of America led with three articles each. Of the 26 articles, 42.31% used a qualitative approach, 34.62% quantitative, and 23.08% mixed methods. Additionally, the results show a significant link between smart farming and sustainable development, with major trends such as agricultural digitalization (35%), climate-friendly agricultural technologies (27%), and climate variability (23%). This study underscores the critical role of smart farming in advancing sustainable practices and offers valuable insights into current research trends.