Cluster Analysis of Environmental Pollution in Indonesia Using Complete Linkage Method with Elbow Optimization

Abstract

The issue of environmental contamination remains unsolved. The problem continues to have a substantial detrimental impact. This research aimed to identify provinces in Indonesia with high or low levels of environmental pollution so that the government may offer treatment to provinces with high levels of pollution and seek a significant reduction in the incidence of environmental pollution in Indonesia. Clustering is required to identify provinces with high and low pollution levels using the complete linkage method because this method can provide tight clusters and is less impacted by outliers. The analysis of the complete linkage method with Elbow optimization revealed two optimal clusters, namely high and low clusters. The high cluster consists of three provinces: Central Java, West Java, and East Java. The low cluster consists of 31 provinces. This research used a Silhouette Coefficient validity test. The value of the Silhouette Coefficient is 0.75. The value indicates that the data object is in the correct cluster and that the cluster structure is relatively strong.