Tolerance of peanut genotypes to acidic soil condition

Abstract

The acidic soil is generally less productive due to soil pH ranged from 3.1 to 5.0, however could be solved through soil amelioration, planting tolerant varieties to acidic soil condition, and a combination of both. Twenty peanut genotypes including two check varieties (Jerapah and Talam 1) were evaluated on dolomite-ameliorated and non ameliorated soil. In the greenhouse, the treatments were laid out in factorial design with four replications, while in the field using strip plot design with three replications. Assessment of tolerance was using Stressed Tolerance Index (STI) according to Fernandez (1992). Results showed that dolomite application at dose equivalent to 0.5 x exchangeable Al was optimal in improving peanut growth, peanut yield and its components grown on acidic soil. Individually, IC87123/86680-93-B-75-55- 1 genotype had highest STI in the greenhouse, but lower in the field. In contrast, GH3 (G/92088/92088- 02-B-2-8-1) and GH 4 (G/92088/92088-02-B-2-8-2) genotypes had low STI in the greenhouse, but high in the field with average yield of 2.47 t ha-1 and 2.62 t ha-1 of dry pods and potential yield of 4.05 t ha-1 and 3.73 t ha-1 of dry pods, respectively. Check varieties (Jerapah and Talam-1) had low STI in greenhouses as well as in the field. There were concluded that peanut genotype of G/92088//92088-02-B-2-8-1 and G/92088//920 88- 02-B-2-8-2 were adaptable and tolerance to acidic dry land, and adaptation and tolerance of peanuts on acidic soil condition were probably controlled by the buffering mechanisms.