High expression levels and the C3435T SNP of the ABCB1 gene are associated with lower survival in adult patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia in Mexico City

Abstract

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy characterized by different genetic alterations that cause changes in the normal mechanisms of differentiation, which are associated with chemoresistance. The ABCB1 gene is part of a family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes involved in the progression of various types of cancer. The following work aimed to evaluate the expression levels of the ABCB1 gene and the C3435T SNP with the response to first-line treatment and survival in patients with AML. Methods: In total 135 samples were taken to isolate total RNA and DNA at the beginning of the treatment. Expression analysis by RT-qPCR and SNP C3435T assessment method were performed for real-time Polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: The expression levels impact on the survival of patients with AML compared to low or absent levels; the CC genotype was found in 22.9%, the CT genotype was found in 47.4%, and the TT genotype was found in 29.6%, the presence of the C3435T SNP, the TT genotype also impacts with a lower survival compared to CT and CC genotypes. In addition, it was shown that the dominant model significantly impacts survival. Conclusion: In conclusion, we have found that the overexpression of the ABCB1 gene, as well as the presence of the TT genotype of the C3435T SNP, contributes to a worse prognosis in AML.