Use of Rivaroxaban for Prophylaxis of Superficial Venous Thrombosis in Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome: Case Report and Systematic Review

Abstract

Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTWS) is a congenital malformation syndrome involving blood and lymph vessels and disturbed bone and soft tissue growth. Complications of KTWS include deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, gastrointestinal bleeding, and vascular (usually lymphatic) blebs within capillary malformations. We present a case of a young male patient with KTWS who presented with superficial venous thrombosis and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in a presentation similar to disseminated intravascular coagulation. He was ultimately maintained on prophylactic rivaroxaban to prevent recurrent thrombotic events. We performed a literature search to identify similar cases and to summarize common presenting features and treatment modalities that were offered.