Age as a risk factor for suicide

Abstract

Background/Aim. World Health Organization (WHO) in its plan for health policy until the year 2010, has taken reduction of risk factors of suicide as its 12th aim. Because of the fact that the problem of suicide is also significant health problem in our society, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of life period as a risk factor for suicide in the area of the town of Kragujevac. Methods. In total 211 persons, both sexes, aged between 17 and 91 years, from the area of the town of Kragujevac, who had been committed a suicide during the period from 1996 to 2005, were included in a retrospective study. This study included the analysis of: conditions prior to suicide, locations of suicide, motives for suicide, the ways of committing suicide. For statistical analysis ?2 test and univariante regression model were used. Results. Average rate of suicide, in analyzed period, moved from 8.7 to 27 with a mean value of 14.6? 6.9. Suicide rates were the lowest in the age group from 15 to 24 years and the highest in the age group above 65 years (p < 0.05). Among the presuicidal conditions, within any age groups the presence of mental disease dominated as a factor for suicide, but within the oldest one in which organic diseases prevailed as a factor for suicide (p < 0.05). Statistically significant fact is that a house (flat) was the main location for committing suicide in any age groups. Motives for suicide were significantly different within the groups and they were mostly unknown. Committing suicide by hanging was the most frequent way of suicide among any age groups. Univariant regression analysis failed to show any impact of age on the analyzed factors. Conclusion. Because of the fact that an average rate of suicide in elderly increases it is obligatory to primarily determine risk factors for suicide among people more than 65 years of age. Physicians should play the most important role in that.Uvod/Cilj. Svetska zdravstvena organizacija (SZO) u svom planu zdravstvene politike do 2010. godine za svoj dvanaesti cilj postavila je redukciju faktora suicidnog rizika. S obzirom da je problem suicida znacajan zdravstveni problem i u nasoj sredini, cilj rada bio je ispitivanje uticaja godina starosti kao faktora suicidnog rizika na teritoriji grada Kragujevca. Metode. Retrospektivnom studijom bilo je obuhvaceno 211 osoba oba pola, starosti 17-91 godine koje su izvrsile suicid na teritoriji grada Kragujevca u periodu od 1996. do 2005. godine. Analizirani su: stanje koje je predhodilo suicidu, mesto, motiv i nacin izvrsenja suicida. U statistickoj analizi koriscen je ?2 test i univarijantni regresioni model. Rezultati. Prosecna stopa suicida u analiziranom periodu kretala se od 8,7 do 27, prosecno 14,6?6,9, pri tom je bila najniza u starosnoj grupi 15-24, a najvisa u starosnoj grupi > 65 godina (p < 0,05). Medju stanjima koja su predhodila suicidu, prisustvo psihickog oboljenja je dominiralo u svim starosnim grupama, osim u starosnoj grupi > 65 godina u kojoj su dominirala organska oboljenja (p < 0,05). U svim starosnim grupama najcesce mesto izvrsenja suicida bila je kuca-stan. Motivi suicida znacajno su se razlikovali po starosnim grupama, mada su najcesce bili nepoznati. U svim starosnim grupama najcesci nacin izvrsenja suicida bio je vesanjem. Univarijantnom regresionom analizom nije nadjen zavisan uticaj godina starosti na analizirane faktore. Zakljucak. S obzirom da je uocen trend porasta stope suicida sa godinama starosti, mere primarne prevencije suicida trebalo bi usmeriti na utvrdjivanje faktora suicidnog rizika kod osoba starijih od 65 godina u cemu najznacajniju ulogu imaju lekari opste prakse.