High Specific and Rapid Detection of Cannabidiol by Gold Nanoparticle-Based Paper Sensor

Abstract

In order to facilitate monitoring of cannabidiol (CBD), we devised a gold immunochromatographic sensor based on a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb). To prepare the antigen, a novel hapten with CBD moiety and a linear carbon chain was employed. By utilizing hybridoma technology, a specific mAb was screened and identified that exhibited a 50% maximal inhibitory concentration against CBD ranging from 28.97 to 443.97 ng/mL. Extensive optimization led to the establishment of visual limits of detection for CBD, achieving a remarkable sensitivity of 8 μg/mL in the assay buffer. To showcase the accuracy and stability, an analysis of CBD-spiked wine, sparkling water, and sports drink was conducted. The recovery rates observed were as follows: 88.4–109.2% for wine, 89.9–107.8% for sparkling water, and 83.2–95.5% for sports drink. Furthermore, the coefficient of variation remained impressively low, less than 4.38% for wine, less than 2.07% for sparkling water, and less than 6.34% for sports drink. Importantly, the developed sensor exhibited no cross-reaction with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). In conclusion, the proposed paper sensor, employing gold nanoparticles, offers a user-friendly and efficient approach for the precise, rapid, and dependable determination of CBD in products.