From energy crisis of the pandemic to opportunity: Valuable lesson learned on technology innovations, energy sources, environmental sustainability, and economic implications

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic, an exceptional global crisis, has significantly disrupted diverse energy markets and economies worldwide. With lockdown measures and a sharp decline in economic activity implemented to curb the spread of the virus, the ripple effects have been felt across different energy sources. Energy underpins economic development and daily life; thus, sustainability remains a persistent global concern. The disruption further highlighted energy's central role in economic growth and societal functioning. As societies grapple with the challenges posed by the pandemic, the sustainability of energy resources is an essential aspect while covering the COVID-19 impact. From powering industries and transportation to lighting homes and running critical services, energy remains a cornerstone of modern civilization. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the pandemic's impact on the energy sector across different energy types and to assess various techniques for measuring this impact. Previous research has often focused narrowly on specific energy sources, lacking a detailed view. By conducting a bibliometric analysis, this study addresses gaps in existing research and identifies research hotspots, influence mechanisms, and new directions. It emphasizes the need for a broader examination of all energy sources and energy-related strategic commodities, including 1) oil, 2) gas, 3) electricity, 4) water, and 5) gold, and suggests utilizing diverse assessment techniques such as statistical analysis, machine learning, and simulation-based modeling. By addressing these challenges, the proposed research enhances understanding of COVID-19's impact on the energy industry and sustainability.