Advancing the synthesis strategy and interface modification for efficient perovskite quantum dot solar cells

Abstract

Perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) have emerged as a promising material for photovoltaics due to their facile synthesis, tunable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, and defect tolerance. Owing to their superior optoelectronic properties, perovskite quantum dot solar cells (PeQDSCs) have achieved a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.1%, surpassing that of colloidal quantum dot solar cells. To further improve the device performance and stability of PeQDSCs, we need deeper mechanistic insights into material chemistry and may need to develop new synthesis strategies and ligand chemistry. In this review, we discuss challenges, current progress and future directions of PeQDSCs from a chemical perspective. We first introduce the unique chemical and optoelectronic properties of PeQDs and outline current challenges of PeQDSCs. We then review recent advances in PeQD synthesis, including hot injection synthesis, post-synthesis purification, and composition engineering. Moreover, we discuss the surface ligand chemistry for solid-state PeQD films, ranging from the ligand exchange reaction, the soaking reaction, processing solvent engineering, and conductive PeQD ink synthesis to nanocomposite formulation. Lastly, we propose future research directions with a goal of large-area, flexible and tandem solar cells.