Enhancing Latent Thermal Battery Performance: A Study of Multistage Organic Phase Change Material Systems

Abstract

The efficacy of a latent thermal battery (LTB) system is significantly enhanced through the implementation of a multistage configuration. This study is centered on the utilization of organic phase change material (OPCM) as the storage medium within the LTB, aimed at augmenting the charge and discharge rates of the system. The adoption of a multistage approach effectively mitigates the impact of partial phase transitions within the OPCM, facilitating a higher cumulative charging rate of 2.39°C/min. This arrangement is instrumental in minimizing the instability of heat release from each tank, thereby ensuring a consistent heating process for the working fluid throughout the discharge cycle. Consequently, the multistage LTB demonstrates an elevated power rate, reaching up to 7.64 Watts, with a sustained power duration of 45.5 minutes. Such performance signifies an efficacious heat discharge mechanism, substantially improving the overall functionality of the LTB system. The proposed multistage LTB configuration is particularly advantageous for thermal systems operating at low temperatures, including solar water and air heaters. Additionally, the enhanced charge and discharge rates contribute to an increased effective energy density of the LTB, aligning with the objectives of developing compact and efficient energy storage systems. The findings of this research underscore the potential of multistage LTB systems in maximizing operational efficiency in thermal energy storage, thereby contributing to the advancement of sustainable energy solutions.