Review on use of Titanium and its alloys as Implants in Dental Applications

Abstract

Proper selection of the implant biomaterial is a prominent factor for the success of implants in dental medicine. The biologic environment does not accept completely any material so to optimize biologic performance, implants should be selected to reduce the negative biologic response while maintaining adequate function. Among all the biocompatible materials (Ti-6Al-4V) have become the choice for dental implants due to their properties such as low specific weight, high strength to weight ratio, low modulus of elasticity, very high corrosion resistance and excellent general biocompatibility. Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) is the most widely used titanium alloy. It features good machinability and excellent mechanical properties when compared to the Pure Titanium. These alloys are widely used in the engineering field, namely in the aerospace, automotive and biomedical parts, because of their high specific strength and exceptional corrosion resistance. This paper deals with the present views on material properties, passive oxidation film formation, corrosion, surface activation, cell interactions, biofilm development, allergy, casting and machining properties of Ti6Al-4V.