Challenges and Breakthrough for Horn of Africa Regional Integration

Abstract

Horn of Africa (HoA) region brushed multiple frontlines for the last four decades; Outsiders were playing proxy politics within the area. Uncertainty and insecurity, extremism and radicalization, poverty and interstate and intra-state conflict become accepted. Besides HoA is one of the most vital shipping lines in the world. Historical breakthroughs emerged in the region when the reformist leader Dr. Abiy becomes the Prime minister of Ethiopia. Proactive moves of ending longstanding disputes and conflicts between the states in the region such as Ethiopia-Eritrea border conflict. Therefore, this paper seeks to critically calculate the breakthrough and challenges ahead for the leaders of the region to bring successful regional integration. Specifically focuses on three countries namely Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia. A critical analysis on the tripartite summits among the leaders of the three nations, the declarations, the points of action as well as the ramification of the change envisaged will shed more light on the progress of the social and economic integration in the region. Moreover, this paper will navigate through the challenges and achievements that are likely to be realized from this integration, considering the political diversity that currently exists among these three countries.