Production of Therapeutically Significant Genistein and Daidzein Compounds from Soybean Glycosides Using Magnetic Nanocatalyst: A Novel Approach

Abstract

Production of therapeutical aglycone compounds was attempted using a nanocatalyst. The maximum amount of diadzein (8.91 g/L) and genistein (12.0 g/L) was generated at 80 °C in 3 h with yields of 0.590 and 0.621 g/g substrate, respectively. Reused nanocatalyst demonstrated ~35% catalytic efficiency even after third recycle. Nanocatalyst can be a better substitute for costly enzymes in aglycone production. Highlights: Genistein and daidzein are well-known biologically active pharmaceutical compounds that play significant roles in the treatment of various diseases such as cardiovascular problems, cancer, etc. In some plants, the glycosides daidzin and genistin are present in ample amounts that can be converted into aglycones, daidzein and genistein, through hydrolysis. Here, magnetic cobalt ferrite alkyl sulfonic acid (CoFe2O4-Si-ASA) nanocatalyst was used for the hydrolysis of glycosides into aglycones. The application of CoFe2O4-Si-ASA nanocatalyst generated a maximum 8.91 g/L diadzein and 12.0 g/L genistein from 15.1 g/L daidzin and 19.3 g/L genistin with conversion efficiencies of 59.0% and 62.2%, respectively, from soybean glycosides at 80 °C in 3 h. The use of a modern nanocatalyst is preferred over enzymes because of its lower production cost, higher rate of reaction, higher stability, etc. To our knowledge, this is the first report on using nanocatalyst for the production of genistein and daidzein in a sustainable manner.