Plant adaptogens in specialized food products as a factor of homeostatic regulation involving microbiota

Abstract

The aim of this study: is to develop an adaptogenic drink based on the polyphenol complex of antioxidant activity optimized in terms of bioavailability. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on the base of the polyphenol complex of antioxidant activity made of taxifolin (Larix gmelinii extract with no less than 97.0 % of taxifolin) and plant extracts (Lonicera сaerulea L., Beta vulgaris L. ssp.vulgaris) obtained in the research laboratory of the department of Food and Biotechnologies in the South Ural State University. To increase solubility and bioavailability of taxifolin we used 20-minute 630 W ultrasonic impact, providing taxifolin nano-structuring. The plant extract consists of reconstituted extracts from Beta vulgaris L. ssp.vulgaris and Lonicera сaerulea L. in a 3:1 ratio with 0.1 % of taxifolin and the amount of dry substance of no less than 15 %. Taxifolin content in a final product is no less than 0.02 %. Results: It was established that taxifolin water solution is quite sensitive to ultrasonic cavitation. The morphological structure of taxifolin particles, treated with ultrasound, was close to a spherical shape. Particles were characterized by amorphous structure, which is positive for solubility and bioavailability properties. Antioxidant activity is 1.74-1.98 times higher than in the solutions obtained using a mechanical approach. This indicates the increased physiological value of solutions. The drink obtained on the base of beet and honeysuckle extracts with 0.1 % taxifolin had the total content of betanin and betaxanthine equaled 54 ± 2 mg/100 g and the total content of phenol substances of 194 ± 4 mg in terms of gallic acid. The consumption of a taxifolin plant extract-based drink results in the decrease of Streptococcus to significantly lower values. There is a shift in pH values in a range from 6.5 to 7.5 in comparison with the initial pH values of 5.5 ÷ 6.0 units. Conclusion: The combination of secondary metabolites (polyphenols) in the form of Lonicera сaerulea L. and Beta vulgaris L. ssp.vulgaris plant extracts with taxifolin is a very promising one for the technology of adaptogenic drinks to improve homeostatic mechanisms involving microbiota at the stage of oral intake.