Diseases of Poverty: Neglected Tropical Skin Diseases in a Dermatologic Clinic in South- South Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of communicable diseases that are present. In tropical and subtropical countries. They predominantly occur in developing countries, but may also be found in some developed countries; often associated with poverty, inadequate sanitation and living in close contact with infectious vectors and domestic animals and livestock. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set targets for elimination and eradication of NTDs, as this would improve the conditions of living in affected communities. A number of neglected tropical diseases have skin manifestations, thus the dermatologist has a key role to play in their elimination and eradication.  This study at the dermatologic clinic of University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, aims to identify the types and prevalence of these diseases. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study in which the records of patients presenting with neglected tropical skin diseases (NTSDs) in the dermatologic clinic of University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital from January 2015 to April 2018 were obtained and analysed. Results: One thousand five hundred and eighteen (1518) patients who visited the dermatology clinic during the study period were assessed. Number of 115 cases of NTSDs were identified, which represents 7.57% of the total population.  There were more males (60.87%), with vast majority of cases being in their third decade. Five NTDs were identified, scabies being the most prevalent (80.87%) followed by Hansen’s disease (15.65%).  These diseases affected the productive age groups, therefore possessing the potential of perpetuating poverty in the community. Conclusion: Neglected tropical skin diseases are common in the dermatologic clinic, Scabies and Hansen’s disease were most prevalent cases recorded. Interestingly scabies was found more in males, in the third decade of life. This is when men are quite productive, and therefore has the possibility of perpetuating poverty.