Reliability of prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2.1 for excluding clinically significant prostate cancer using a 1.5 tesla scanner

Abstract

Introduction: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate gland is now the recommended initial investigation of choice for the detection of Prostate cancer (PCa). It effectively identifies patients who require prostate biopsies due to the risk of clinically significant PCa. It helps patients with clinically insignificant PCa avoid the invasive biopsies and possible accompanying complications. Large clinical trials have investigated the accuracy of mpMRI in detecting PCa. We performed a local review to examine the reliability of omitting tissue sampling in men with a negative (PIRADS 2 (P2) or less) mpMRI in the primary diagnostic setting. Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with clinical suspicion of PCa within a 2-year period. Patients had a mpMRI prior to having trans-perineal prostate gland biopsies. Clinically significant disease was defined as Gleason 7 and above. The descriptive data was analysed using contingency table methods. A p-value less than 0.05 was statistically significant. Results: Out of 700 patients 90 had an mpMRI score of PIRADS 2. Seventy-seven (85.5%) of these patients had a negative biopsy, 9(10%) showed Gleason 6, 4 patients showed Gleason 7 or above. 78 patients with PIRADS 2 had a PSA density of < 0.15, none of which had a clinically significant biopsy result. The negative predictive value of mpMRI from this study is 95%. Conclusion: Our results are in line with negative predictive values demonstrated in the current literature. This local study, likely applicable to other district general hospitals, shows that mpMRI is a safe and reliable initial investigation to aid decisions on which patients require biopsies.