Mechanical Properties of Waste Laterite Scrap as Fine Aggregate in Concrete: A Review

Abstract

Concrete has been a significant structural material for hundreds of years because of its strength, toughness, and flexibility. In India, natural sand is scarce mainly because of the widely growing construction sector, which leads to extensive sand mining. There is a detrimental effect on riverbanks, riverbeds, biodiversity, and the quality and availability of groundwater due to sand mining on a large scale. To address the problems, an investigation into potential substitutes for natural river sand as a fine aggregate in concrete has been conducted. Laterite is one such material widely available in large quantities in India. A popular building material found in tropical and subtropical areas, it has been used for masonry construction since the 19th century. This study examines the properties of concrete when lateritic sand is used as a substitute for river sand as an acceptable aggregate replacement. The replacement ranges from 0% to 100% with different grades of concrete, i.e., M15-M60 mixtures and the test results from the previous studies were discussed for 7 and 28 days. The new lateritic concrete made from the river and lateritic sand was analyzed to measure the fresh properties like slump cone, vee-bee consistometer, compaction factor, and flow table tests. Also, the characteristics of hardened concrete were examined through split tensile, flexural, and compressive strength tests.