A hybrid mock circulatory loop integrated with a LED-PIV system for the investigation of AAA compliant phantoms

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and require extensive investigation through in-vitro studies. Mock Circulatory Loops (MCLs) are advanced in-vitro platforms that accurately replicate physiological and pathological hemodynamic conditions, while also allowing for precise and patient-specific data collection. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is the standard flow visualization technique for in-vitro studies, but it is costly and requires strict safety measures. High-power Light Emitting Diode illuminated PIV (LED-PIV) offers a safer and cheaper alternative. Methods: In this study, we aim to demonstrate the feasibility of a Hybrid-MCL integrated with a LED-PIV system for the investigation of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) compliant phantoms. We considered two distinct AAA models, namely, an idealized model and a patient-specific one under different physiological flow and pressure conditions. Results: The efficacy of the proposed setup for the investigation of AAA hemodynamics was confirmed by observing velocity and vorticity fields across multiple flow rate scenarios and regions of interest. Conclusion: The findings of this study underscore the potential impact of Hybrid-MCL integrated with a LED-PIV system on enhancing the affordability, accessibility, and safety of in-vitro CVD investigations.