Safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin and linagliptin fixed-dose combination therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: final results of a one-year post-marketing surveillance study

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Abstract

Background: Fixed-dose combination (FDC) of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin and the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin was approved for type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment in Japan in 2018. We conducted a post-marketing surveillance study of empagliflozin/linagliptin FDC in routine clinical practice in Japan. Research design and methods: This one-year, prospective, multicenter, observational study investigated the safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin/linagliptin FDC in Japanese patients with T2D. The primary outcome was incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Results: Among 1146 patients, mean (SD) age was 63.8 (12.8) years and 22.08% were aged ≥75 years. Mean (SD) glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 7.66% (1.21); fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was 142.90 mg/dl (43.75). ADRs were experienced by 32 (2.79%) patients (1 serious ADR); ADRs of important identified risk included urinary tract infection (7 patients [0.61%]), hypoglycemia (2 [0.17%]), ketoacidosis (0), genital infection (1 [0.09%]), and volume depletion (1 [0.09%]). Overall mean (SD) change from baseline in body weight, HbA1c, and FPG were −1.08 kg (3.21), −0.39% (1.11), and −7.90 mg/dl (39.12), respectively. Conclusions: Empagliflozin/linagliptin FDC was effective and generally well tolerated in Japanese patients with T2D; no new safety concerns were identified. Trial Registration: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov identifier: NCT03761797) (Figure presented.) (Figure presented.).

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Inagaki, N., Nishimoto, T., Nishiya, Y., & Nitta, D. (2023). Safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin and linagliptin fixed-dose combination therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: final results of a one-year post-marketing surveillance study. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 22(2), 153–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/14740338.2022.2107200

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