Galba truncatula and Omphiscola glabra (Gastropoda, Lymnaeidae): Present decline in populations living on sedimentary soils in central France

Abstract

Field investigations in habitats colonized by Galba truncatula or Omphiscola glabra were carried out to determine if the number of habitats, their area and the number of overwintering snails had not changed over the past 20 years. These habitats were studied in 57 cattle- or sheep-breeding farms located in three French natural regions on sedimentary soils. Compared to the numbers of snail habitats recorded before 1998, the values observed in 2016-2017 were significantly lower, with an overall decline rate of 30% for G. truncatula and 38% for O. glabra. Variations in this decline rate were noted with the type of snail habitat and the largest decreases were observed for vernal pools in meadows. Significantly lower areas in 2016-2017 were noted in two habitat types (drainage furrows, road ditches) for G. truncatula and two other habitat types (drainage furrows, pond banks) for O. glabra. Significantly lower densities of overwintering snails were observed in 2016-2017 in G. truncatula habitats located in drainage furrows and road ditches, while no significant difference was noted for O. glabra, whatever the habitat type. Several causes were at the origin of this population decline and the most important were the present development of mechanical cleaning in road ditches, that of subsurface drainage in meadows and regular gyro-crushing of vegetation around pools in meadows. The data reported in this study confirm the decline that several authors have already noted for O. glabra in Western Europe. The results obtained for G. truncatula require reviewing the biogeographical status of this species and taking possible measures to ensure its conservation while taking into account its role as intermediate host in the F. hepatica cycle.