P27Kip1 and p21Cip1 collaborate in the regulation of transcription by recruiting cyclin-Cdk complexes on the promoters of target genes

Abstract

Transcriptional repressor complexes containingp130 and E2F4 regulate the expression of genes involved in DNA replication. During the G1 phase of the cell cycle, sequential phosphorylation of p130by cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) disrupts these complexes allowing gene expression. The Cdk inhibitor and tumor suppressor p27Kip1 associates withp130 and E2F4 by its carboxyl domain on the promoters of target genes but its role in the regulation of transcription remains unclear. We report here thatp27Kip1 recruits cyclin D2/D3-Cdk4 complexes on the promoters by its amino terminal domain in early and mid G1. In cells lacking p27Kip1, cyclin D2/D3-Cdk4did not associate to the promoters and phosphorylation of p130 and transcription of target genes wasincreased. In late G1, these complexes were substituted by p21Cip1-cyclin D1-Cdk2. In p21Cip1 null cells cyclin D1-Cdk2 were not found on the promoters and transcription was elevated. In p21/p27 double null cells transcription was higher than in control cell sand single knock out cells. Thus, our results clarify the role of p27Kip1 and p21Cip1 in transcriptional regulation of genes repressed by p130/E2F4 complexes in which p27Kip1 and p21Cip1 play a sequential role by recruiting and regulating the activity of specific cyclin-Cdk complexes on the promoters.