An ultrahigh vacuum electron spectrometer for surface studies

Abstract

A high-resolution electron spectrometer has been constructed for the study of clean metal surfaces and their interactions with gases. In its present form it is most suitable for the study of evaporated films but may also be used for ribbons, single crystals, or powders. Electron spectra induced by three sources, X-ray, vacuum ultraviolet, or electron impact, may be recorded sequentially. Electron energy analysis is normally performed by settin the analyzer (10 cm radius, hemispherical) to pass electrons of a fixed energy and applying a scanning retarding potential to the sample. The limiting instrument absolute resolution is about 25 meV FWHM at 5 eV analyzing energy, as judged by an He I gaseous argon spectrum. Resolution can be traded for sensitivity by analyzing at higher electron energies (up to 100 eV), or by means of an external slit-width adjustment mechanism. The spectrometer carri a preparation chamber which has a variety of demountable sample preparation, cleaning, and reaction monitoring devices. Spectra from gold, silver, and. © 1974.