DNA barcoding for seahorse identification and its potential as antioxidant and stimulant indicator

Abstract

Seahorse (Hippocampus spp.) is a species of unique marine biota showing male pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to identify seahorse species (Hippocampus spp.) through molecular approach by DNA barcoding using COI gene marker, determine the potential of seahorse as an antioxidant and an indicator of immunomodulatory properties. The research results showed the nucleotide sequences of DNA sample H1, H2, and H6 identified as H. kuda, while H3, H4, and H5 were identified as H. comes with the level of identity (homology) as much as 98%-99%. In general, the results of antioxidant activity in seahorse samples can be used as a source of natural antioxidants, namely in the form of seahorse hydrolysates and seahorse ethanol extract (IC50 50-100 ppm). The highest cell proliferation activity was from the seahorse powder group at a concentration of 250 ppm with the value of OD (Optical Density) of 0.227±0.002 and SI (Stimulant Index) of 120.74%. These results indicated that seahorses potentially have indicators of immunomodulators properties.