Evaluation of the transmission of different field sources of citrus tristeza virus and the separation of different genotypes by single brown citrus aphids

Abstract

Four field sources of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) (Y3, Y6, Y7 and Y23) collected from grapefruit trees at groves in Fort Pierce, Florida, and isolate T36 were used to evaluate the transmission and separation of different virus genotypes by single brown citrus aphids (BrCA). Analysis of the field sources of CTV by inoculation to indicator plants, ELISA and RT-PCR showed that Y6 was a decline-inducing isolate and Y23 a nondecline-inducing isolate. Assays of genotype by RT-PCR indicated that Y6 contained the T36 genotype while Y23 contained the T30 genotype. Both Y3 and Y7 were a mixture of decline-inducing and nondecline-inducing CTV isolates and were a mixture of T36 and T30 genotypes. When Y6 and Y23 were the acquisition host for single BrCA, only the T36 or T30 genotypes, respectively, were detected by RT-PCR in 'Mexican' Lime receptor plants. Only the T36 genotype was transmitted to receptor plants from infected Y3 and Y7 plants although these acquisition plants contained more than one genotype. No T3 or VT genotypes were detected in any acquisition or receptor plants. CTV genotype mixtures in the various field sources were separated by single BrCA transmission and that the T36 genotype in T36/T30 mixtures was more easily transmitted than the T30 genotype when the acquisition plant was 'Duncan' grapefruit and the receptor plant was 'Mexican' lime.