The level of faecal calprotectin as a noninvasive biomarker of mucosal healing in children with ulcerative colitis

Abstract

Introduction: Recently, faecal calprotectin (FC) has been used as a marker of inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and has served to assess and monitor disease activity, mucosal healing (MH), and disease recurrence. Aim: To assess the correlation between FC and endoscopic activity of inflammation. Material and methods: This retrospective study included 81 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), with a median age of 15 years (range: 3-18 years), who were treated in the Children's Memorial Health Institute (CMHI) between 2013 and 2015. Within the study group there were two sub-groups created: patients with Baron score = 0 (n = 34, 42%) and = 1 (n = 47, 58%). Resuts: Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10 software (StatSoft, USA), and the value of p = 0.05 was established as a significance level. In patients with Baron score = 1, significantly higher FC values and PUCAI scores were found in comparison to children with Baron score = 0. The level of FC had greater accuracy than the PUCAI score in differentiation between patients with Baron score = 0 and = 1 (Z = -1.73, p = 0.082). There was a significant correlation between PUCAI score and FC (R = 0.55, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Faecal calprotectin may be a good, noninvasive biomarker of mucosal healing in paediatric patients with UC.