Improvement Resistant Starch from Modified Sorghum Flour by Using Fermentation and Autoclaving-Cooling Cycling

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Sorgum dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pati resisten karena kandungan amilosanya yang tinggi. Pati resisten adalah pati yang tahan terhadap hidrolisis asam lambung dan tidak dapat dicerna oleh enzim pencernaan pankreas, tidak diserap di usus halus, akan tetapi dapat difermentasi oleh mikroba di usus besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kadar pati resisten pada tepung sorgum termodifikasi dengan fermentasi bakteri asam laktat dan siklus pemanasan bertekanan-pendinginan. Parameter yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini adalah daya cerna pati, kadar amilosa, total pati, gula pereduksi, RDS (rapidly digestable starch), SDS (slowly digestable starch), dan pati resisten. Perlakuan kombinasi fermentasi dengan 2 siklus pemanasan bertekanan-pendinginan (FAC-2S) merupakan perlakuan terbaik karena mampu menghasilkan kadar pati resisten tertinggi (39,06% bk) dan meningkatkan kadar pati resisten 8,1 kali lipat jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Peningkatan jumlah siklus pemanasan bertekanan-pendinginan yang diaplikasikan akan semakin meningkatkan kadar pati resisten dan menurunkan daya cerna tepung sorgum termodifikasi. Semakin tinggi kadar amilosa dalam tepung sorgum modifikasi maka semakin berpotensi dalam pembentukan pati resisten. Kata kunci: fermentasi, pati resisten, pemanasan bertekanan-pendinginan, tepung sorgum termodifikasi ABSTRACT Sorghum can be utilized as raw material to produce resistant starch because of its high amylose content. Resistant starch is the starch that is resistant to gastric acid hydrolysis and it cannot be digested by pancreatic digestive enzymes, it cannot be absorbed in the human small intestine, but it can be fermented by intestinal microbial in the colon. This study aims to increase the levels of resistant starch in modified sorghum flour by lactic acid bacteria fermentation and autoclaving-cooling cycling. Parameters analyzed in this study were proximate analysis starch digestibility, amylose content, total starch, reducing sugar, RDS (rapidly digestible starch), SDS (slowly digestible starch), and resistant starch. The combination treatment of fermentation and 2 cycles of autoclaving-cooling (FAC-2S) is the best treatment because it was able to produce the highest resistant starch content (39.06% dw) and it increased resistant starch 8.1 fold when compared with control. Improvement the number of autoclaving-cooling cycles was applied will increase the resistant starch content and decrease the digestibility of modified sorghum flour. High amylose content in modified sorghum flour is useful in the formation of resistant starch.

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APA

Bimo Setiarto, R. H., Widhyastuti, N., & Setiadi, D. (2018). Improvement Resistant Starch from Modified Sorghum Flour by Using Fermentation and Autoclaving-Cooling Cycling. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 23(1), 10–20. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.23.1.10

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