Evaluation of the physical activity of German soldiers depending on rank, term of enlistment, and task area

Abstract

Physical fitness of soldiers plays an important role during combat operations and training for deployment. The aim of this study was to collect data on the physical activity of soldiers of all rank categories and to identify task areas in which inactivity and the resulting health problems such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and musculoskeletal problems pose a special risk. For this purpose, the physical activity of 169 German soldiers of different ranks and task areas was measured. These soldiers wore accelerometer-based physical activity monitors for a period of 7 days. Their activities were also documented in standardized forms. The results showed that officers (541 steps/h) had the lowest level of physical activity during their duties (compared to noncommissioned officers): 600 steps/h, and junior enlisted personnel: 724 steps/h). With respect to term of enlistment, conscripts and temporary-career volunteers showed a higher level of physical activity than regulars (751 and 640 vs. 539 steps/h). With respect to different task areas, drivers showed the highest activity level, whereas staff personnel showed the lowest. High-ranking personnel and soldiers in staff positions were shown to have the lowest physical activity level. In these groups, possible health problems caused by physical inactivity could be alleviated.