Comparison of Organosulfur Bioactive Compounds in Bulb, Callus and Cells Suspension of Single Garlic (Allium sativum. L)

Abstract

Single garlic (Allium sativum. L) is one of herbs widely used for healing various kinds of health problems such as diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol, atheroskeloris, and cancer. Benefits of single garlic as a medicinal plant was caused by organosulfur bioactive compounds which are widely used in the field of health including alliin, allicin, allyl sulphide, ajoene and dithiin. This study aimed to identify and compare a content of organosulfur bioactive compounds in bulb, callus and cells suspension. Callus induction was carried out by culturing the buds explants on MS basal medium with 2.4 D and kinetin. The cells suspension were conducted by culturing callus in liquid medium with 2.4 D and kinetin. HPLC technique was used to analyse organosulfur bioactive compound in samples. The HPLC chromatograms confirmed the same presence of 30 organosulfur bioactives compounds. Among the 30 detected alliin, allicin, allyl trisulphide, E1 propenyl allyl disulfide, 2 propenyl 1 propenyl disulfide, 2 vinyl 4H 1, 3 dithiin, 3 vinyl 4H 1, 2 dithiin and ajoene were found as the major compounds in samples. The ratio of bioactive compounds in the bulb, callus and cells suspension is 3, 5 : 1, 4 : 1. Although produced lower yields but callus and cell culture have a potency to produce organosulfur bioactive compounds. Yields can improved by addition elisitor, precursor or implementation of bioreactor cultur system, so that it can be used to support the use of herbal medicines.