Nanocarrier-embedded gels: Precision drug delivery via liposomal and niosomal platforms

Abstract

Recent research in drug delivery has significantly advanced our knowledge of liposome and niosome-based gels, contributing to the dynamic landscape of pharmaceutical advancements. The incorporation of these vesicular carriers into gel formulations enhanced stability, while prolonging shelf-life and improving the bioavailability of encapsulated molecules. The synergy between liposomes/niosomes and gel matrices, facilitated by a robust gel structure, provided a protective environment, ensuring sustained drug release and prolonged stability. Liposome-based gels proved to be versatile carriers for various therapeutic applications, demonstrating efficiency in solubilizing poorly soluble drugs and acting as potent penetration enhancers for optimal skin delivery. Today, the incorporation of liposomes in gels serves as local depots, thus being a fundamental condition for sustained and controlled drug release to optimize patient's outcomes. Insights into niosome-based gels reveal their potential in overcoming conventional drug delivery challenges, positioning them as promising platforms for controlled and targeted drug release due to enhanced stability. Recent investigations highlight the adaptability of niosomal gels in encapsulating both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, ensuring superior stability and sustained release. The tunable properties of niosomal gels also contributed to optimize bioadhesion and permeation across biological membranes. The primary objective of this work is to present the cutting-edge findings in liposome and niosome-based gel research, highlighting their path in modern drug delivery. These innovative solutions offer more efficient and targeted therapeutic interventions, addressing the ever-evolving landscape of medicine.