Immunotoxic effect of Benzo[α]Pyrene and chrysene in juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

The effects of benzo(a)pyrene (Bap) (0.03, 0.3 and 3 μg L-1) and chrysene (CHR) (0.3, 2.1 and 14.7 μg L-1) on the function of the immune system of juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were determined under laboratory conditions. This included the total hemocyte count (THC) in the hemolymph, phagocytic activityand pro-phenoloxidase (pro-PO) activity of the hemocyte, phenoloxidase (PO) activity, α2-macroglobulin (α2-M) activity, bacteriolytic activity and antibacterial activity in the hemolymph. The results showed that BaP and CHR could inhibit the immune function of L. vannamei significantly under high concentration BaP and CHR exposure. The results of this study indicated that the immunotoxicity of PAHs in a descending order was BaP>CHR. Moreover, the results indicated the THC in hemolymph, pro-PO activity and phagocytic activity of hemocyte, and bacteriolytic activity in hemolymphcould be used as potentially suitable biomarkersfor early warning indication of PAHs toxicity, this could provide useful information for toxic risk assessment of environmental pollutants. © 2014 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien.