Clinical Manifestations of Neonatal Sepsis and Antibiotics Management in Newborn at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a problem of morbidity and mortality that still occurs in neonates. This neonatal sepsis can cause 1/4 of the total deaths in neonates in the world. The incidence can increase to 13-27 cases per 1000 live births in babies born weighing <1500 grams. Objective: This study was conducted to describe laboratory and culture results, clinical manifestations, and antibiotic management in infants diagnosed with neonatal sepsis. Material and Methods: This research is an observational study with a case series retrospective study method. The subjects observed were 9 newborns and diagnosed with sepsis. Data were collected from medical records from June to August 2021. Most of the neonatal sepsis was early-onset, namely 6 neonates. . Results: A total of 4 neonates were included in the Low Birth Weight and 6 neonates were born prematurely. A total of 4 neonates had hyperbilirubinemia, 2 neonates had leukopenia, and 4 neonates had thrombocytopenia. The most common microorganisms causing sepsis in neonates were Acinetobacter baumannii (4), Klebsiella pneumoniae (3), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (3). The most common clinical manifestation is fever (7). For antibiotic treatment, all neonates received initial antibiotic treatment of Ampicillin and Gentamicin with administration between 3-9 days. While the second antibiotic, as many as 7 neonates received antibiotics Cefoperazone sulbactam and Amikacin between 4-18 days. Conclusion: From the results of the study, it can be concluded that culture and laboratory results are important for the proper administration of antibiotics. Surveillance of organisms causing sepsis should also be carried out regularly to plan appropriate treatment. Then there is a need for further research with a longer period to fully describe neonatal sepsis. Increased adherence to antibiotic stewardship also needs to be considered to prevent antibiotic resistance and improve patient outcomes